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ONLINEISSN:1347-5215
PRINTISSN:0918-6158
Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin
Vol. 30 (2007) , No. 3 451
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Constituents and Antiulcer Effect of Alchornea glandulosa: Activation of Cell Proliferation in Gastric Mucosa during the Healing Process
Tamara Regina Calvo1), Zeila Pinheiro Lima2), Janaina Scaramelo Silva2), Kátia Veroˆnica Rodrigues Ballesteros2), Cláudia Helena Pellizzon3), Clélia Akiko Hiruma-Lima2), Jorge Tamashiro4), Alba Regina Monteiro Souza Brito5), Regina Kiomi Takahira6) and Wagner Vilegas1)
1) Departamento de Química Orĝanica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
2) Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biocîencias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
3) Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Biocîencias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
4) Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)
5) Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)
6) Departamento de Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
(Received March 28, 2006)
(Accepted October 11, 2006)
Alchornea glandulosa (Euphorbiaceae) is a plant used in folk medicine as an antiulcer agent. Rats pretreated with methanolic extract obtained from the leaves of A. glandulosa (AG) showed a dose-dependent effect and significant reduction of gastric ulcers induced by absolute ethanol at the doses of 500 (57%) and 1000 mg/kg (85%) in relation to the control group. Pretreatment of mice with AG (500, 1000 mg/kg, p.o.) showed dose-dependent activity and significantly decreased the severity of lesions caused by HCl/ethanol and by non steroidal anti inflammatory drug-induced gastric lesions. Pretreatment with AG also induced antisecretory action via local and systemic routes and a significant decrease in the total gastric acid content. The gastroprotective effects of AG involved the participation of nitric oxide and increased levels of endogenous sulfhydryl compounds, which are defensive mechanisms of the gastrointestinal mucosa against aggressive factors. The ability of AG to heal gastric ulcers was evaluated after 14 consecutive days of treatment. The results showed that single oral administrations of AG (250 mg/kg/once daily) potently stimulates gastric epithelial cell proliferation that contributes to the accelerated healing of gastric ulcers induced by acetic acid. In addition, no subacute toxicity (body weight gain, vital organs, and serum biochemical parameters) was observed during treatment with AG. Phytochemical investigation of AG led to the isolation of myricetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside, quercetin-3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside, quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside, quercetin, amentoflavone, methyl gallate, gallic acid, and pterogynidine. We also established the phytochemical profile of AG with the quantification of total phenolic compounds. These compounds may contribute to the observed antiulcerogenic effects of AG.
Key wordsAlchornea glandulosa; proliferating cell nulear antigen (PCNA); antiulcer activity; phenolic compound

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To cite this article:
Tamara Regina Calvo, Zeila Pinheiro Lima, Janaina Scaramelo Silva, Kátia Veroˆnica Rodrigues Ballesteros, Cláudia Helena Pellizzon, Clélia Akiko Hiruma-Lima, Jorge Tamashiro, Alba Regina Monteiro Souza Brito, Regina Kiomi Takahira and Wagner Vilegas, “Constituents and Antiulcer Effect of Alchornea glandulosa: Activation of Cell Proliferation in Gastric Mucosa during the Healing Process”, Biol. Pharm. Bull., Vol. 30, 451-459 (2007) .
doi:10.1248/bpb.30.451
JOI  JST.JSTAGE/bpb/30.451
(c) 2007 The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

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