We investigated the relationship between the electrode performance, crystal structure and electronic structure of LiMn
1−xM
xO
2 (M=Mn, Co, Ni, Zn). The discharge capacity of o-LiMn
1−xM
xO
2 decreased compared to that of LiMnO
2. On the other hand, the cycle fading decreased since the maximum capacity was improved by substitution with Co or Ni. The crystal structure analysis by neutron powder diffraction was examined for LiMn
1−yM
yO
2 (M=Co, Ni). The bond angle variances increased due to the Co or Ni substitution. The electron density distribution was obtained by XRD using the MEM/Rietveld method. The electron density distribution shows that the covalent bonding of (Mn,M)–O of LiMn
1−xM
xO
2 is stronger than that of o-LiMnO
2. Next, we calculated the net charge of each atom, the bond overlap population of Li–O, Mn–O, M–O, the density of states, and the electron density of o-LiMn
1−xM
xO
2 using first principles calculation by the DV-Xα method and FLAPW method. Based on the results, the Li ionicity always remained high and the covalent bonding of Mn–O and M–O of each o-LiMn
1−xM
xO
2 is stronger than that of o-LiMnO
2. As a result, the covalent binding of (Mn,M)–O is important for good cycle performance.
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