高圧力の科学と技術
Online ISSN : 1348-1940
Print ISSN : 0917-639X
ISSN-L : 0917-639X
13 巻, 4 号
- NMR Study of Physical Properties of Materials under High Pressure -
選択された号の論文の10件中1~10を表示しています
特集-高圧力下NMR-
  • 笠松 義隆, 平岡 耕一, 檜原 忠幹
    2003 年 13 巻 4 号 p. 304-309
    発行日: 2003年
    公開日: 2004/03/02
    ジャーナル フリー
    Pressure effects on the magnetic phase transitions in Mn3GaC and MnAs have been investigated microscopically by measuring zero field 55Mn NMR under pressure up to about 19 kbar. It was confirmed that the pressure induces the transitions between ferro- and antiferromagnetic states in these compounds and remarkable changes in the electronic states of Mn atoms at the transitions.
  • 平岡 耕一
    2003 年 13 巻 4 号 p. 310-313
    発行日: 2003年
    公開日: 2004/03/02
    ジャーナル フリー
    The NQR technique was applied to investigate the valence phase transition of YbInCu4 under high pressures. The Cu NQR frequency νQ increases with increasing pressure in both of low and high temperature phases. The transition temperature Tv decreases with increasing pressure at a rate of -2.2 K/kbar. The nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate T1-1 shows no temperature and pressure dependence in the high temperature phase, suggesting the localized 4f state of Yb3+ ion. In the low temperature phase, (T1T)-1 are constant at various pressures and show a Korringa like behavior.
  • 藤原 賢二, 島岡 良之, 小林 達生
    2003 年 13 巻 4 号 p. 314-319
    発行日: 2003年
    公開日: 2004/03/02
    ジャーナル フリー
    We have developed high-pressure NMR technique with an Indenter Cell using NiCrAl alloy. It was designed to set easily into a conventional dilution fridge and/or high field magnet. We have succeeded in 7Li-NMR measurement of a heavy fermion spinel LiV2O4 in T-range between 60 mK and 30 K under pressure up to 4.7 GPa. At ambient pressure, 1/T1 shows a broad maximum around 50 K and is proportional to the temperature below 6 K. This is quite similar to the relaxation behavior in f-electron HF systems. However, 1/T1T becomes larger with applying higher pressure below 10 K and does not obey T1T = constant relation down to 1 K. Knight shift K, meanwhile, is independent of pressure above 2 GPa, indicating that the uniform component of susceptibility χ(0) does not change under high pressure. Some antiferromagnetic fluctuations with wave vector q ≠ 0 dominate relaxation rate in LiV2O4 near the boundary of the pressure induced insulating phase.
  • 松林 伸幸, 中原 勝
    2003 年 13 巻 4 号 p. 320-327
    発行日: 2003年
    公開日: 2004/03/02
    ジャーナル フリー
    A high-temperature and high-pressure NMR method to investigate the structure and dynamics of supercritical water is reviewed. In this method, a high-temperature condition is realized by introducing hot air directly into the sample portion of a specially designed probe, and a high pressure is achieved by sealing the material of interest into a quartz capillary. The method allows a high-resolution measurement up to 400°C and 0.6 g/cm3 (corresponding to 55 MPa) of water. It is found from the proton chemical shift measurement that the hydrogen bonding persists at supercritical temperatures and that the average number of hydrogen bonds is at least one in the supercritical densities. The measurement of the spin-lattice relaxation time also shows that while the reorientational relaxation proceeds on the order of picosecond in ambient water, it does on the order of several tens of femtoseconds in supercritical water.
  • 赤坂 一之
    2003 年 13 巻 4 号 p. 328-334
    発行日: 2003年
    公開日: 2004/03/02
    ジャーナル フリー
    Although the conformation of a protein is considered largely fixed in crystal, it fluctuates amply in solution among ensembles of conformers differing in partial molar volume. Applying pressure causes a shift of equilibrium among conformers so that the system reaches a new equilibrium in which the population of a lower volume conformer is favored over a larger volume conformer. Because of the nearly parallel relationship between the conformational order of a protein and its partial molar volume, a less ordered (= higher energy) conformer has a lower volume than that of the stable, basic folded conformer. We apply variable pressure NMR to detect and analyze structures of these higher energy conformers in proteins. We find a number of alternate structures in various proteins, which have hitherto been overlooked spectroscopically. These structures differ from the stable, basic folded ones, often in regions of the molecule where the binding with a ligand or with other macromolecules takes place. These findings have led us to a new dynamic view of proteins such that proteins in solution fluctuates among multiple conformations, which are required for function. Furthermore, we have developed a notion that atom defects or cavities are major sources of conformational fluctuation leading to multiple conformations.
  • 町 敬人, 腰塚 直己
    2003 年 13 巻 4 号 p. 335-340
    発行日: 2003年
    公開日: 2004/03/02
    ジャーナル フリー
    The temperature dependence of the 63Cu nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate (T1T)-1 , spin-spin relaxation rate T2G-1 and frequency spectra at the Cu(2) planar site in the normal state of YBa2Cu4O8 have been measured under high pressure by the nuclear quadrupole resonance(NQR) technique. The pseudo spin gap temperature slightly decreased with increasing pressure. It seems that the pressure effects are resembled with carrier doping effects in the increase of superconducting transition temperature Tc and NQR frequency νQ(2) and decrease of pseudo spin gap temperature. If the increase of νQ(2) under pressure was caused by introducing carrier into Cu(2) planar site, the change of pseudo spin gap temperature is generally originated in carrier concentration at Cu(2) site.
  • 藤原 直樹
    2003 年 13 巻 4 号 p. 341-345
    発行日: 2003年
    公開日: 2004/03/02
    ジャーナル フリー
    Pressure-induced superconductivity in a spin-ladder cuprate Sr2Ca12Cu24O41 has not been studied on a microscopic level thus far although the superconductivity was already discovered in 1996. We have improved high-pressure technique with a large high-quality crystal, and succeeded in studying the superconductivity using 63Cu nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). We found that the superconductivity possesses an s-wave like character in the meaning that a finite gap exists in the quasi-particle excitation.
  • 水戸 毅
    2003 年 13 巻 4 号 p. 346-352
    発行日: 2003年
    公開日: 2004/03/02
    ジャーナル フリー
    The recent progress of high pressure techniques, e.g. a development of nonmagnetic NiCrAl alloy, has enabled us to create pressure over 3 GPa by piston cylinder type pressure cells. Using these new techniques, the nuclear quadrupolar resonance (NQR) and ac-susceptibility (ac-χ) measurements were carried out on strongly correlated electron systems, CeRhIn5 and YbInCu4 under pressure. CeRhIn5 shows pressure-induced phase transition from antiferromagnetic ordering to superconducting states. The present NQR and ac-χ studies revealed a homogeneous coexistence of these two types of orderings near the phase boundaries. Also the ac-χ and NQR investigations on YbInCu4 showing the first-order valence transition at 42 K and at ambient pressure, indicated that ground state of this compound is a ferromagnetically ordered one after the valence transition is suppressed by pressure.
  • 小堀 洋, 松田 和之, 小原 孝夫
    2003 年 13 巻 4 号 p. 353-357
    発行日: 2003年
    公開日: 2004/03/02
    ジャーナル フリー
    We have investigated the low-temperature phase appearing below T0 = 1.75 K in URu2Si2 by 29Si NMR in the pressure range from 0 to 1.75 GPa. At pressures below Pc = 1.5 GPa, we have observed 29Si NMR lines arising from antiferromagnetic (AF) and paramagnetic (PM) regions in the sample, which provide evidence for a phase separated AF ordering below T0. The AF region increases with increasing pressure up to Pc.
技術シリーズ「圧力スケール」(6)
  • 赤石 實, 菅家 康, 谷口 尚
    2003 年 13 巻 4 号 p. 358-364
    発行日: 2003年
    公開日: 2004/03/02
    ジャーナル フリー
    A large volume belt-type or girdle-type high pressure apparatus is generally used for materials synthesis at high pressure and high temperature conditions. In this article, pressure correction at high temperatures in these apparatuses was reviewed. Nominal pressures were determined at room temperature using the pressure-induced phase transitions such as Bi, Tl, Ba and Sn. Practical pressures at high temperatures were estimated from measured phase boundaries such as the melting curve of Ag and the equilibrium boundary of coesite-stishovite in a belt-type apparatus. It was clear from the correction that the pressure difference between the nominal pressure and the practical one was strongly dependent on pressure transmitting media. Also, various technical problems of high temperature generation and internal standard for pressure and temperature estimation are discussed.
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