Nihon Shishubyo Gakkai Kaishi (Journal of the Japanese Society of Periodontology)
Online ISSN : 1880-408X
Print ISSN : 0385-0110
ISSN-L : 0385-0110
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Volume 46, Issue 2
June
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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  • Questionnaire Investigation of Patients Reporting Halitosis
    Mitsuo Fukuda, Chitose Arikawa, Taeko Murakami, Makoto Sakai, Tomohiro ...
    Article type: Others
    Subject area: Others
    2004 Volume 46 Issue 2 Pages 101-110
    Published: 2004
    Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2329/perio.46.101
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Patients reporting halitosis are generally classified into those with objective halitosis and those subjective halitosis. Subjective halitosis patients were further divided into those with psychosomatic halitosis and those with neurotic halitosis. Applying these categorization requires that we know the history of patient anxiety. We analyze patient anxiety using a questionnaire distributed to 750 patients. The ratio of women to men was 2.22. Age distribution was highest among those in their 20s and 30s. The duration of halitosis-induced anxiety was 9.08 years, and one-third of patients have noticed it from an early teen age. The percentage of halitosis noted by others was 63.6%, noted by the subjects themselves 33.5%, and noted by the response of others' 33.7%. Frequently, the spouse noted bad breath followed by the child. Results showed that the number of subjects whose had halitosis was indicated by a spouse was 172, by a child 135, and by a friend 111. Patients noting halitosis in the morning numbered 368, all day long 253, when hungry 188, at work 156, and when tired 140.
    The questionnaire also indicated that 33.1% of patients had no one tell them about their halitosis.
    The questionnaire indicated the importance of patient anxiety. It is difficult to determine which criteria may apply at first, but questionnaire helped pinpoint the psychological trend.
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  • Influence of a Sonic Scaler with High Frequencies Range to the Dentin Surface Alterations
    Kuniharu Suzuki, Ryousuke Koushi, Kyosuke Yokoyama, Hisashi Ujiie, Haj ...
    Article type: Others
    Subject area: Others
    2004 Volume 46 Issue 2 Pages 111-117
    Published: 2004
    Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2329/perio.46.111
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Ultrasonic or sonic scalers may be the instruments of choice for effective debridement and reduction of operating time. A sonic scaler is as effective for debridement as an ultrasonic scaler. The aim of this study was to compare calculus removal time and dentin surface alterations (damage to the dentin surface) between a new sonic scaler and an ordinary sonic scaler. The new sonic scaler (HS) was operated at high frequencies ranging between 16,000 and 17,000 Hz and the ordinary sonic scaler (AS) at low frequencies ranging between 6,000 and 7,000 Hz.
    The calculus removal time was recorded as the time required for complete removal of artificial calculus (n=14). Dentin surface alterations were compared between a control site and test sites that were treated for 20 seconds with the HS or the AS. The surface alterations were examined by SEM and the roughness of dentin surfaces (arithmetical mean deviation of the profile : Ra, and ten point high of irregularities : Rz) was measured (n=6). The calculus removal time was 514±103s for the HS and 546±191s for the AS, the difference being non-significant. Comparison with the control site showed that both the HS and the AS effectively reduced the smear layer without damage to the dentin surface. Ra was 0.82±0.08, 0.77±0.08, and 0.81±0.65 μm for the control, HS, and AS, respectively, and Rz was 3.69±2.53, 3.52±2.34, and 3.53±9.30 μm, respectively, the differences being non-significant. The HS was operated at the high end of the frequency range, which may have decreased the tip movement to 1/3 that of an ordinary sonic scaler. As a result, the operator was exposed to a clearly lower level of uncomfortable sound and vibration during debridement, and the new sonic scaler appeared to give results similar to those of an ordinary sonic scaler.
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  • Mechanism of Porphyromonas gingivalis Killing by Lactobacillus salivarius TI 2711
    Takashi Matsuoka, Mutsumi Nakanishi, Yuji Aiba, Yasuhiro Koga
    Article type: Others
    Subject area: Others
    2004 Volume 46 Issue 2 Pages 118-126
    Published: 2004
    Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2329/perio.46.118
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    We identifeid the bactericidal substance, generated by Lactobacillus salivarius TI 2711 (LS 1), that kills Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg). In an LS 1/Pg coculture system, LS 1 completely killed Pg even when added to Pg at a bacterial ratio of 1 to 1 million. Measurement of the culture supernatant of these cocultures showed an accumulation of lactic acid with 40 to 50 mmol/l at pH 6.0 or less. Incubating Pg in a culture medium containing this amount of lactic acid at a pH of 6.0 also killed a significant number of this bacterium. This suggests that the killing effect in the coculture system was exerted by either the amount of lactic acid or the pH. In the treatment of Pg with sodium hydrochloride or sodium lactate instead of lactic acid, we found that nondissociated lactic acid but not lactate anions or lower pH, is directly involved in killing Pg by LS 1 in the coculture system.
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  • A Basic Study on Periodontal Regeneration by Platelet Rich Plasma
    Invention of the PRP coagulation method by autologous serum
    Munemoto Fukazawa
    Article type: Others
    Subject area: Others
    2004 Volume 46 Issue 2 Pages 127-136
    Published: 2004
    Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2329/perio.46.127
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Recently, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been examined for its ability to augment bone growth and/or to promote wound healing. However, with the existing protocols for preparing PRP, the platelet concentration can not be adjusted ; and exogenous thrombin is used to coagulate the PRP. The purpose of this study is to devise a new protocol for PRP preparation by which the concentration of platelets can be adjusted and also be able to prepare the PRP only from subjects peripheral blood. In this new protocol, subject's blood sera obtained without anticoagulant were used to coagulate the PRP and to investigate the optimal set of conditions for PRP preparation. This method can concentrate the PRP to a greater extent than existing protocols. The concentrations of various cytokines (PDGF, TGF-β, VEGF, and IGF-I) in the PRP fraction, which cytokines act to heal periodontal tissue, were measured. Each cytokine was concentrated 2.5 to 4.5 times its level in peripheral blood. These results suggest that PRP prepared by this new method is more useful and safer for tissue augmentation than previous preparations, as it contains higher concentrations of cytokines beneficial for periodontal tissue regeneration.
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  • Clinical Effect of Dentifrice Containing Sodium Ascorbate on Periodontitis
    Akiko Hisano, Soh Sato, Hisahiro Kamoi, Kazuaki Takayanagi, Akiyo Ito, ...
    Article type: Others
    Subject area: Others
    2004 Volume 46 Issue 2 Pages 137-142
    Published: 2004
    Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2329/perio.46.137
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    We evaluated the effect of dentifrice containing sodium ascorbate on periodontitis. Institutional ethics committee approval was obtained prior to the study. Subjects were 53 patients (15 men and 38 wemen, average age : 44.0 years) with periodontits enrolled in a double-blind clinical trial. We prepared 4 types of dentifrice, i.e., that containing zeolite and sodium monofluorophosphate (D-1), that adding 1.0% sodium ascorbate to D-1 (D-2), that adding 0.1% dl-α-tocopheryl acetate, 0.05% cetylpyridimium chloride, and 0.05% β-glycyrrhetinic acid to D-1 (D-3), and that adding 1.0% sodium ascorbate to D-3 (D-4). Dentifrice was randomly assigned to subjects, who were asked to brush twice daily for 4 weeks. Periodontal indices were measured at baseline, 2-, and 4-week evaluation. As a result for mean bleeding scores of D-2 and D-4, the dentifrices containing sodium ascorbate, a statistically significant difference was seen between baseline and 4-week evaluation (p<0.05, p<0.01). Of the 4 dentifrices, D-4 was the most effective. Statistically significant differences in mean gingival index (p<0.01), probing depth (p<0.01), and bleeding score (p<0.01) were seen between baseline and 4-week evaluation. These results suggest that a dentifrice containing sodium ascorbate is effective against periodontitis.
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  • Biological Activities of Exopolysaccharides Derived from Prevotella nigrescens
    Kazuyoshi Yamane, Shigeaki Nagasawa, Takashi Ikeo, Noboru Obata, Toshi ...
    Article type: Others
    Subject area: Others
    2004 Volume 46 Issue 2 Pages 143-151
    Published: 2004
    Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2329/perio.46.143
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Prevotella nigrescens is a gram-negative anaerobic rod that is frequently isolated from patients with periodontitis and other oral infectious diseases. We previously isolated exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing P. nigrescens strains 22 and 23 from a chronic periodontitis patient and purified the EPS of each strain. In this study, we investigated the biological effects of EPS on human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDL cells) and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in order to understand how these organisms establish their biofilm scaffold in periodontal tissue. PDL cells and PBMCs were exposed to purified EPS (1-100 μg/ml) to determine the effect of EPS on proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and cytokine production by PDL cells and PBMCs. These cells were also cultured with purified EPS and Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to determine whether EPS increases or inhibits the effects of LPS. Both the EPS from strain 22 and the EPS from strain 23 displayed a slightly inhibitory effect on proliferation by PDL cells and modestly increased the ALP activity of PDL cells. EPS did not induce IL-6, IL-8, or GM-CSF production by PDL cells, nor did EPS induce IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, or TNF-α production by PBMCs. Pre-incubation of PBMCs with EPS for 24 hours diminished the effect of LPS stimulation on IL-6 and IL-8 production by PBMCs. EPS did not increase inflammatory cytokine production by PDL cells or PBMCs, and EPS pretreatment reduced LPS-induced cytokine production by PBMCs. These results suggest that the role of EPS may be to enable P. nigrescens to escape from host immune responses when the organism invades periodontal tissues and allow it to cause persistent oral infection.
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  • Survey on Results of Emdogain® Use in Multiple Dental Clinics
    Takeshi Sueda, Jiro Hoshino, Norio Yamamura
    Article type: Others
    Subject area: Others
    2004 Volume 46 Issue 2 Pages 152-160
    Published: 2004
    Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2329/perio.46.152
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    To confirm the postmarketing safety and efficacy of Emdogain® in daily use, we conducted a 3-year survey based on Japanese reexamination by Seikagaku Corporation, an importer.
    We analyzed 956 cases from 171 dental clinics, including 8 university hospitals, throughout Japan. The survey was done at surgery using Emdogain® and 8 month postoperatively. Adverse reaction, change in pocket depth, improvement in bleeding on probing and tooth mobility, change in clinical attachment, and improvement in bone defect, furcation, and overall assessment were evaluated.
    No adverse reactions related to Emdogain® were reported. Significant reduction in pocket depth (about 4 mm), significant improvement in bleeding on probing and tooth mobility, gain in clinical attachment, and improvement in bone defect, furcation, and overall assessment were observed at evaluation 8 month postoperatively.
    We confirmed that Emdogain® is safe and useful in guided tissue regeneration in periodontal diseases.
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