The complex spatial distributions of hydraulic conductivity within a natural aquifer represented as a statistical homogeneous random process which is characterized by a new function, called the variogram. This variogram is related to the stationary covariance of the hydraulic conductivity difference between two points separated by the distance d. Using variogram and actual field data at the sample points, a statistical linearization technique is developed to estimate the spatial distributions of hydraulic conductivity.
A case study is presented in order to illustrate the statistical methodology. Once the variogram is determined throughout an aquifer, this estimation method has proven to be adapted solving groundwater system's behavior.