The lipid composition of the earthworm, Pheretima asiatica (Annelida), was analyzed. Four glycerophospholipids, together with four known glycosphingolipids, were isolated in pure form. The former four were 1-alkyl 2-acyl glycerophosphocholines possessing a C17 : 0 and/or C18 : 1 fatty acid residue. Their structures, including the position and geometry ot the double bond, were determined on the bases of chemical and psectral data.