Ten species of Saxifraga were collected in Russia and Mongolia, and observed their somatic chromosome numbers. The chromosome number of 2n=30 for S. manchuriensis, that of 2n=114 for S. hieracifolia, that of 2n=48 for S. sibirica, that of 2n=28 for S. oppositifolia, and that of 2n=70 for S. terektensis were reported here for the first time. The chromosome numbers for the other five species such as S. aestivalis, S. serotina, S. hirculus, S. flagellaris and S. cernua verified the previous counts. Chromosome sizes of ten species varied from 4.3 to 1.02 μm long in average. Saxifraga aestivalis had bi-modal decrease in chromosome size from the largest to the smallest chromosomes while the other nine species had mono-modal decrease in chromosome size