Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been recognized as closely related diabetic complications. In this study, we created periodontal defects in diabetic model rats and examined the effects of VEGF expressed in wound healing process on the circulating VEGF concentration.In type 2 diabetic model (GK) and normal (SD) rats, periodontal defects were prepared in the bilateral upper molar regions. The VEGF expression in the periodontium 3, 5, and 7 days after surgery was examined by immunohistochemical staining. In addition, circulating blood was collected from the right atrium, and the plasma VEGF concentration was determined by ELISA.VEGF was expressed more intensely around microvessels, and the plasma VEGF concentration was higher in GK rats than in the SD rats throughout the study.These results suggest that, after periodontal surgery in diabetic rats, VEGF expressed in the periodontium affects the circulating VEGF concentration.