Peyer’s patches are nodules that play a central role in intestinal immunity. Few studies demonstrate the relationship between the number of Peyer’s patches and intestinal polyps. Here we identify a statistically significant inverse correlation between the quantity of Peyer’s patches and of the development of intestinal polyps in Apc^Min/+ mice, which are a useful model to clarify the role of Peyer’s patches in intestinal tumorigenesis. Using this model, we increased the number of Peyer’s patches using 0.1% and 1% corn husk arabinoxylan through feed. Intestinal polyp formation significantly decreased, concomitant with an increase in Peyer’s patches development (n = 12/group). In Aly^−/−Apc^Min/+ mice (negative control; no Peyer’s patches) there was no change in the amount of intestinal polyps (n = 10/group). Immune reaction following corn husk arabinoxylan treatment was measured by cytokine array. Increasing the number of Peyer’s patches decreased interleukin-17 production, which showed a dose dependent correlation with transcription factor/lymphoid enhancer-binding factor. This study identified a relationship between levels of Peyer’s patches and intestinal polyp formation, partly explained by the involvement of interleukin-17 production and β-catenin signaling in Apc^Min/+ mice.