This study developed a Vitality Scale (VS), and examined its reliability and validity with 518 participants including undergraduates and adults. Factor analysis revealed that the VS consisted of six factors: vigor, flexibility, social withdrawal (reversed scoring), activeness, mental toughness, and positiveness. Six subscales were developed according the factor analytic results, which had sufficient internal consistency (α=.74–.82). Correlational validity was demonstrated in terms of the relationships of the VS with sleep and eating. These results indicate that each subscale was useful to measure an individual's vitality. Males obtained higher mean scores than females did on flexibility, social withdrawal (reversed) and activeness. The mean of adults' scores was higher than undergraduates' scores on the most of vitality subscales.