Abstract
The furniture manufacturing industry generates significant quantities of off-cut waste—leftover fragments of composite materials discarded during standard production processes. Although they are typically considered economically unviable for reuse due to concerns over cost, quality control, and unclear market demand. This study proposes a sustainable design strategy that transforms industrial off-cut waste into functional modular furniture through a slot-based interlocking system that requires no adhesives or fasteners. The research focuses on maximizing material value while aligning with consumer expectations. The design process was informed by experimental material analysis and user-centered feedback. Off-cut panels, commonly sized at 300×300 mm with a thickness of 12 mm, were sourced from a Thai manufacturer. These panels were transformed into three distinct furniture prototypes—functional, sculptural, and free-form—using slot-cutting equations designed to balance structural stability with minimal material loss. A pilot survey (n=141) and main user experiment (n=77) were conducted to evaluate consumer perception of these prototypes. To complement the physical design, an Augmented Reality (AR) experience was developed using the 8th Wall platform, allowing participants to preview the furniture in real- world settings through their mobile devices. The AR tool facilitated emotional engagement, improved spatial judgment, and communicated the sustainable narrative of the project. Qualitative feedback emphasized the importance of transparency, usability, and storytelling. Participants showed interest not only in the physical products but also in the transformation story behind them, suggesting that a well-communicated narrative could elevate market interest. While consumer perception was generally favorable, participants expressed the need for further assurance in terms of product durability and practical performance.
https://ror.org/04cd75h10 
