ランナ地方ヴィハーンの建築書について : タイにおける伝統的建築技術書の研究

抄録

This research is about the traditional architectural documents on viharn(Buddha hall) in Lanna, northern Thailand. Prior to this study, 3 short texts about this subject were published. I discovered 4 other texts at The Social Research Institute, Chiangmai University, during the survey trips around 1993-4. After studying these texts, I found that the system of determining proportion of viharn architecture was to divide the length of main beam into parts and use one part as a unit to determine other elements. There were various systems of unit dividing as 6(and 3), 5(and 10), 4(and 2) and 13 parts. The 6 parts dividing system was used widely follow by 5 parts and 4 parts. The reason that system of 6 parts dividing was widely used come from method of measurement. Peoples in the old time measured length by their body parts as wa(two hand straight), sok(elbow), kueb(palm) and niew(inch). 1 kueb was divided to 12 niews and 1 sok was divided to 2 kuebs. To divide any length to 6 parts was the way to use niew, kueb and sok. This study also showed a similarity of measurement system between viharn and traditional house architecture studied before. Although emerged in different building types also with different regions, these 2 architectural types could be compared to each other in mathematical thinking.