Brownfield revitalization policy has developed since 1980's in the U.S. The first generation policy until 1990's was developed for each brownfield site with federal grant especially for assessment and state's voluntary cleanup programs. Most of economically feasible sites are redeveloped by private initiatives supported by the policy. However, distressed area with many brownfield sites left unchanged. The second generation of brownfield policy was developed in early 2000' s based on area-wide planning approach. Both policies rely on coordinated operation of environmental measures and planning in federal, state's and local government.
