The role of public housing has decreased not only practically but also institutionally. However, it is indicated that there are different functions of public housing in the city and local area, or that public housing should be restructured into social housing to provide affordable housing. The aim of this paper is to identifiy the role of public housing in the regional housing market. In this study, I formulated a statistical analysis by conducting Housing and Land Survey of Japan. Furthermore, I focused on the deviation of public housing from the average value of a Japanese prefecture on certain statistical indicators. The following are the functions of the alternatives to public housing:
1) Public housing in the city currently faces a limit; hence, the challenge of public housing is performing diverse roles and functions in the regional housing market.
2) In suburbs of large cities, public housing is independent of the regional housing market, and the existence of certain aspects in public housing will aid the welfare of societies in the future.
3) In local areas, public housing has a complementary function and is playing a similar role to that of the regional housing market.
