The three mill towns in the Northeastern U.S. emerged during the early stage of the industrial revolution are analyzed in terms of development of power canals and spatial structures in this series of papers. Among those, Lowell, MA. made the most efficient use of 30 feet drop of the Merrimack River and its riverside appropriate for the cotton industry, although urban infrastructures for civil services were poorly organized. In conclusion, Lowell is quite an original city which was planned to organize cotton industry in terms of business structure and land use.
