When people recognize a landscape through vision, they see the different view from what it actually is. This is defined as Spatial cognition properties that people in this study. The objective of this study is to reveal structure and tendency of the common Spatial cognition properties of humans. Recently, both environment and landscape became interested words among people. Therefore, it will be beneficial for architectural design to clarify Spatial cognition properties. In the study, We investigate Japanese Zakanshiki gardens which are designed integrally by buildings and landscapes. I performed a field work and analyzed Spatial cognition properties with grid analytical method and Impression Scale that is the method of measuring of impression with indication method experiment. Form Analyzing Impression Scale, the strength and weakness of the element which there is in the garden and the psychological influence that the elements give are classified. On the other hand, the case of Spatial cognition properties, that is classified by drawing of Movement, Field of vision and Center eyesight of eye. From this research, it is clarified that there are three significant factors which cause the difference between real opening view and scene of Space Recognition properties.
First, the movement of line of sight is one of the factors which cause Spatial cognition properties. Karesansui － traditional Japanese dry landscape garden－and are Chisenshiki －traditional Japanese garden with pond－the one of grate examples. In the Karesansui, only few elements are impressing since the way of using color lead the line of eyesight. On the other hand, the case of Chisenshiki, people see the pond at center of garden, and then they gradually move the line of sight to other elements which is sat same eye level as the pond. Thus movement of line of sight related to elements which are impressing.
Second, field and point of view are also important factor for impression. Generally, the point of view of people is low when they see a landscape. However, it is possible to lead high point of view by putting unique plants in the front. Moreover, it is possible to let people focus on the side, but setting the impressive material on the right side cause narrower range of view. This phenomenon is occurred since people tend to focus on the right side. Therefore, point and field of sight are influenced by impressive elements as well.
Third, score of impression scale affects what people see the elements in a landscape. Human tends to recognize impressive elements as center of a land scape even though they are not sat at center of that. From this research, it is clear that Spatial cognition properties related to Impressive Scale.
