日本建築学会計画系論文集
Online ISSN : 1881-8161
Print ISSN : 1340-4210
ISSN-L : 1340-4210
住宅団地の共同空間と住民組織の形成過程
-住宅生活協同組合が建設供給した所沢市「こぶし団地」の事例研究 その2-
橋田 竜兵菊地 成朋森田 芳朗柴田 建
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ジャーナル フリー

2016 年 81 巻 728 号 p. 2239-2246

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 Under the housing shortages of post-war Japan, housing co-ops began to be established in order to enable laborers to independently provision residential housing for themselves. The Tokyo Housing Co-op was established with a labor union in the construction industry as the parent body, and it aimed to provision housing to people living or working in the Tokyo suburbs. The aim of this research was to observe the process by which the living environment was formed in Kobushi-danchi, which was provisioned by the Tokyo Housing Co-op in 1966. The research analyzed the process by which common spaces were formed from the viewpoint of resident organizations based on a documentary investigation as well as interviews with residents. The results of this study are summarized below.

 The management of Kobushi-danchi included the establishment and maintenance of common land and facilities as well as financing these activities. This management was undertaken by the residents' association, which led to the creation of common spaces. Before it became incorporated, the residents' association created common space by establishing a holistic management structure in conjunction with the Tokorozawa Co-op, which was also created by the residents.

 The management of the residents' association was undertaken by committees comprising volunteer residents. These committees were responsible for creating common spaces that aimed to resolve various issues that arose as part of residents' daily lives. It should be noted that committees typically did not exist for a long period of time; rather, they had specific objectives of limited scope, and they disbanded after a relatively short period of time.

 Common spaces established as part of committee activities included an unauthorized childcare center that later grew into a highly communal facility as well as a municipal childcare center that was established by donating a piece of common land as an enticement. Among the common spaces owned and managed by the residents' association, there were also facilities that contributed to preventing disasters and crime for neighboring residents. It should be noted that the unauthorized childcare center has since closed down, reflecting the declining birth rate and aging population.

 At Kobushi-danchi, the Tokyo Housing Co-op developed a common land that was much larger in area than other typical housing projects and helped to create resident organizations that then became responsible for the maintenance of the common land. These provisions of residential housing were based on an independent housing construction movement by laborers, and all residents belonged to the same social class. We can say that this is a factor that contributed to the formation of common space based on the management undertaken independently by the residents.

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© 2016 日本建築学会
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