抄録
The aim of this study is to clarify the connective relationship between building and the ground in contemporary Japanese houses from both point of view of shape of house façade and continuity with foreground of façade. Firstly, shape of house façade is analyzed from two hierarchical viewpoints: first and second outline shape of façade.
First outline shape of façade is defined by the proportion of height to width (Table 1) and the change of width from bottom to top (Table 2). Second outline shape of façade is defined by the shape that was cut by the arrangement of window (Table 3). Then 9 patterns of shape of house façade are classified by combination of first and second outline shape of façade (Table 4).
Secondly, continuity with foreground of façade is analyzed from the grounding form of footing (Table 5), the arrangement of materials in foreground (Table 6), similarity of finish of façade and foreground (Table 7) and the existence of architectural element forms visual or circulative continuity with street (Table 8). Then 6 models of continuity are determined by combination of these analysis (Table 9).
Finally, 11 types of the connection are determined through these two frames of relations (Table 10). Comparing the types and patterns (Fig. 2), these two contrastive tendencies of characteristic about connection of house façade to the ground are clarified.
·Type (1)-A, (1)-C, (4)-A, and (4)-C have a characteristic of emphasized connection of house façade to the ground by stability of shape and continuity with foreground. Type (5)-I has a characteristic of weakened connection by instability of shape and discontinuity with foreground. These two group of characteristics of “emphasized” and “weakened” connection are both in the trend of consistent correspondences between relationship of shape and continuity.
·Type (4)-I, (2)-C and (5)-C are in the trend of inconsistent correspondences between relationship of shape and continuity. Among them, type (4)-I has a characteristic of instability of shape and continuity with foreground. Then, type (2)-C and (5)-C have a characteristic of stability of shape and discontinuity with foreground.
These two tendencies suggest that the connection of house façade to the ground in Japanese contemporary houses are mostly divided in to these two diagram: emphasized and composite relationship of connection.
