ヴェネツィアのリドにおける19世紀半ば以前の地域構造に関する考察

抄録

 The present study aims to analyze the development of territorial structure on the Venetian Lido preceding the middle of the 19^th century, a date in which the public beach was inaugurated.
 In the first place, historical documents are used to position the island within its context. Nevertheless, there is no mention of the Lido to be found in such documents, thus it was attempted to use a 1559 dated map to clarify the structure of the island at that time. There are highly symbolic functions to inherit during the Venetian Republic, such as a display of fortifications guarding the port, a Jewish cemetery, a several religious spaces and the island had already developed a historical settlement (Malamocco). On the vacant spaces between these structures and spreading beyond, a vast network of orchards and agricultural fields covered a great part of the area. All this is a clear sign of the supporting role that the Lido played, as a suburb, to the city of Venice. Furthermore, the fact that ownership of the aforementioned terrains fell into the hands of Venetian nobility or clergymen reinforces the idea that ties between the two areas were strong.
 In more recent documents (Napoleonic cadastre, 1808) the use of land as well as the structure of the Lido can be more easily understood. A clear difference stands between the area facing the Venetian Laguna, concentrating vineyards and orchards, and the sandy terrain closer to the Adriatic Sea, where the administrative institutions for lagoon (Magistrato d'Acqua) and infrastructure (drinking water supplying system for city of Venice) appeared. This reveals, once again, how dependent both areas had grown during the course of the years. It was by this time too that recreational activities (much associated with nowadays Lido) started to fill part of the island. Rich families began to build retreat villas and with their arrival, cultural and artistic activities became commonplace.
 Within this historical context, it was then just natural that the Lido further developed as a leisure space for the inhabitants of Venice, especially through the opening of the sea baths in the middle of the 19^th century.