保育・教育思想に基づく保育施設の空間特性

モンテッソーリ教育とハンガリーの保育実践を対象として

抄録

 The purpose of this research is to provide spatial characteristics which based on childcare and educational ideals of each child care facilities. In this study particularly focuses on "The Montessori education" and "The Hungarian childcare practice theory" which are highly adopted in Japan. To know the spatial characteristics of each educational thought, we analyzed by appearance languages from descriptions of which each method and "A national guideline for daycare center for children ("a national nursing guideline") ", questionnaires and field surveys. The results of these analyses are as follows.
 1. There are many common appearance languages between an each educational thought and "a national nursing guideline". It is also found that there are several original languages of an each educational thought, such as "environment of nursing" and "education techniques". It means that the same concept is included in an each educational thought and "a national nursing guideline".
 2. Referring to appearance languages from descriptions, a questionnaire survey is conducted. As a result, "baby nursery room", "equipment in the nursery room" and the "furniture" groups are mainly significant difference from the general child care facilities. This research figures out original spatial characteristic which required by these two educational thought. Also, among the spatial characteristics based on each educational thought, items that can be accepted in general child care facilities were also seen, so it was confirmed that there is commonality with the "childcare guidelines" among the spatial characteristics of each educational thought.
 3. In the field surveys, it makes clearly that original spatial characteristic is reflected in a space by actual each educational thought facilities.
 In this research, several significant differences in the spatial characteristics of the Montessori education and the Hungarian childcare practice are indicated by questionnaires. And it can be said that the spatial characteristics based on each educational thought, items that are easy to accept even in general child care facilities. From the above, it can be said that space making intended along a concept of special educational thought could be also evaluated as one of the space which based on "a national nursing guideline". It should be important for the child care facilities with high quality of good nursing and educational environment to know the basic spatial characteristics of each educational thought by a number of case studies on the various scales and the degree of practice.