Introduction
The territoriality and openness of housing space in alley-space were cleared to investigate the existing residential area in the previous study. Specifically, the closer housings are toward the alley, the fewer self-expression elements are. The fewer dwellers use the alley, the weaker neighbor relations become. Then as a result necessities of a neighbor community are lower. It should mention that in previous study the comparison between long-term changes of territoriality in the past and present of residential areas was not investigated.
Purpose of research
The aim of this study is to investigate long-term changes of territoriality in the existing residential area to re-examine previous research area. So, territoriality in the current residential area is cleared at present, too.
Research method
The first research was conducted in 1982 and the second one in 2016. The pictures of the alleys and dwellings entrance area were used to analyze the long-term changes of physical settings. The first questionnaire was compared with the second one to distinguish the changes of territoriality. Then, the results of the survey in Yanaka, Nakacho and Tsukishima were analyzed to describe the territoriality in the existing residential area.
Conclusions
Our key findings can be summarized as follows:
(1) The less dwellers use the alleys and roads, the weaker relationship between neighbors become and there is a rapid decline in the sense of safety and exclusion.
(2) As a result of an increase in inhabitants of apartment and residents moved into, neighbors' relationships tend to be weaker. However, the number of houses in the greeting zones remains the same ten as the previous study.
(3) The changes of the sense of exclusion are influenced by changes in road shapes that are blind alleys or not.
(4) As a consequence of rising in the number of vacant houses and blind areas, residents feel insecure more.
(5) In spite of the fact that residences are supplied with intercom, home security, gate and access control and also surrounded by fences, the residents still feel insecure.
