日本建築学会計画系論文集
Online ISSN : 1881-8161
Print ISSN : 1340-4210
ISSN-L : 1340-4210
座敷の配置と用途にみる2階建て住宅の間取りの機能分化
− 戦前期刊行住宅書にみる2階建て独立住宅の理念形成に関する研究 −
渕上 貴由樹内田 青蔵
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ジャーナル フリー

2021 年 86 巻 790 号 p. 2720-2730

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 This paper analyzed the changes in the layout and names of the Zashiki in 2 story house published in the pre-war period to discover the process of functional differentiation of the floor plan and to clarified some of the characteristics of the 2 story structure of modern independent houses in Japan.

 In Chapter 3, the presence of the Zashiki and its placement is expressed as a percentage of the each year, and analyzed for annual trends. From the late Meiji periods to the middle of the Taisho period (1907-1920), the percentage of plan with the Zashiki was generally high, and with the exception of Taisho 1, the Zashiki was found in every floor plan from 1907 to 1919. However, between 1921 and 1925, the number of shares declined sharply to less than half of the total number of shares, and the number of shares increased again in the early Showa period. In terms of the layout of the Zashiki, the percentage of "Nikai Zashiki"(zashiki on the 2nd floor) was generally high, with the exception of the late Taisho and early Showa periods, confirming that "Nikai Zashiki" was a persistent proposal throughout the pre-war period.

 In Chapter 4, we categorized the use of the Zashiki into five categories : "drawing room," "living room," "private room," "unspecified," and "the case of no Zashiki," and analyzed the changes in the correspondence between the arrangement of the Zashiki and its use. Specifically, we extracted the six patterns that were continuously listed for the functional distribution of the 1F and 2F Zashiki and looked at status of the functional differentiation of the 2 story houses plans by looking at the floor plans and descriptions that corresponded to each pattern. The characteristics of each were described in the following 4 sections. Duplication of the use of the 1st and 2F Zashiki was resolved around the mid-Taisho periods (Chapter 4.2) . After the end of the Taisho era, there was a rapid increase in the number of floor plans without a tatami room on the 1F, and as a reaction to this, there was a demand for the Zashiki or the tatami rooms on the 2F (Chapter 4.3). From the late Taisho periods, the 2F Zashiki remained as a traditional japanese style drawing room, while the reception on the 1st floor was not in the tatami room, but in a small reception by the entrance, where the reception use becoming more and more differentiated among the floors (Chapter 4.4). Also, we checked the plan, which is based on the Western-style house with the 1F as the public room and the 2F as the bedroom space, clearly separating the functions of the 1F and 2F (Chapter 4.5).

 In Chapter 5, we examined the comparison between the floor plan and the discourse in light of the results of the discourse analysis we have done in previous studies.

 Through the above analysis, we confirmed the attempts of architects to differentiate the functions of floor plans in the prewar period, and clarified the process of discovering the advantages of the 2 story houses.

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