Abstract
Military hospitals was very important in Japan during the Meiji Era. The Meiji Goverment founded the army and navy under the national policy to enrich and strengthen the country. Armies were stationed throughout the country, where medical treatment facilities were systematically constructed. In 1871, an image plan for military hospitals was made by Ryojun Matsumoto who was the director of Surgeon Administration Department. His plan was reasonable and interesting because of constructing some of the appropriate hospitals intead of a large hospital, but they were not realized. In 1874, a model plan for the military hospitals was made under the guidance of a French Military engineer. Kumamoto and Nagoya Garrison Hospitals, the typical examples of the model plan built in 1875 and 1878. Both hospitals were composed of bilaterally symmetrical finger plan type with a large courtyard. In 1893, a standard planning for the military hospitals was made under the influences of German medical science, which was the first important standard of hospital architecture in Japan. Most of the military hospitals constructed afterwards were based on this standard.
