日本建築学会環境系論文集
Online ISSN : 1881-817X
Print ISSN : 1348-0685
ISSN-L : 1348-0685
オフィスビルにおける基準階平面及び立面形状に関する実態把握と標準形状の作成
金森 美紀長井 達夫金城 瑞希小林 美紗
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ジャーナル フリー

2018 年 83 巻 745 号 p. 313-321

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 In recent years, the thermal performance of building skins has received considerable attention, because the high efficiency of the equipment in office buildings decreases internal heat generation, and thus heating loads tend to increase during winter.
 The plan of an office building considerably affects heating and cooling loads, because the floor area, air-conditioned area, envelope area, core type, and other aspects vary according to the plan for representative floors in office buildings.
 In Japan, a reference plan was developed by Takizawa in 1984. This plan has been frequently used for heat transfer analysis in a typical office building. The purposes of the plan were to reduce the time for making a model building and to easily compare study results by more than one researcher. The total floor area of Takizawa's model building was 7583 square meters. The model has eight stories: the lowest floor, six typical floors, and the highest floor. The plan of the lowest floor and the highest floor were different from the plans of the typical floor. The core of the typical floor was placed in the center and touched two sides of the envelope skins. This plan was made in simple geometry for user's convenience. The thermal influence due to the building direction was small in this plan because the surface areas of all envelopes of the air-conditioned room were the same in spite of directions.
 However, it is unclear whether that reference plan corresponds to general building plans in terms of the ratio of air-conditioned area to typical floor area, the ratio of envelope area to air-conditioned floor area, the core type, and the room depth.
 In this study, we examined patterns of the plans and the elevations for typical floors in office buildings built in the last ten years in Tokyo and compared the reference plan with general plans having similar scales. We collected 182 measurements of patterns and dimensions of the plans for typical floors. The collected plans and elevations came from advertising information about leased real estate offered by major real estate companies. We defined the core as all space except work areas, so that it includes all corridors. We defined the air-conditioned floor area as the typical floor area minus the area of the core. We defined the envelope area of an air-conditioned room as the outer walls and windows of air-conditioned room. We measured the dimensions of width and depth in the typical floors and the cores from plans and calculated the typical floor areas, air-conditioned floor areas and envelope areas from these dimensions. An envelope area was calculated by multiplying the envelope length by the ceiling height. Most plans were rectangular.
 The plan survey and the elevation survey had two purposes. One was to understand whether the reference plan matches the typical floor plan in general office buildings. The other was to create a plan in accordance with general office buildings. We clarified that patterns of the plans for typical floors vary according to the scale distribution of the floor area. We clarified that the ratios of width and depth of the typical floors are similar between the reference plan and general plans. However, the core of general plans were placed at one side of the floor, not in the center, so general plans had larger room depth than the reference plan
 We proposed a procedure for creating a standard plan in accordance with general buildings based only on the floor area. By implementing the procedure, we can determine several dimensions of the plan and the core type from the floor area by using regression equations.

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