系統別復旧シナリオに基づくレジリエンス性能評価モデルと粘性ダンパーによるレジリエンス性能の改善

抄録

One of the main roles of passive dampers is to reduce structural damage, that is, to reduce interstory deformations. It is also well known that the damage of non-structural components and facilities as well as the structural damage delays the recovery of the damaged building. It is needed to develop a resilience-based design method.

The reduction of structural response by passive dampers and the increase of the strength of non-structural components and facilities lead to the enhancement of the resilience of buildings. The structural responses (floor acceleration and interstory deformation) and the damages of the non-structural components and facilities are strongly correlated because the structural responses are regarded as the inputs to the non-structural components and facilities. In addition, the reduction of floor acceleration also contributes to the reduction of material quantities and human damages. For these reasons, it appears effective to reduce the structural responses for preventing damage to the non-structural components and facilities and improving recoverability of building functions.

Recently, research on resilience and recovery time has been carried out extensively in the fields of architectural and civil engineering. However, researches on resilience and recovery time are still insufficient.

On the other hand, there have been many researches on the optimum placement of passive dampers. The genetic algorithm (GA), which is one of the useful methods of metaheuristics, has been adopted as a powerful means for structural optimization and vibration control. Since random numbers are used and searching is performed at multiple points in GA, it works effectively even when the objective function has discontinuity points and/or multiple peaks. It is also known that GA can easily perform multi-objective optimization. While a gene is usually expressed by 0 or 1 (binary expression) in ordinary GA, design variable vectors are directly treated to create new individuals in the real-coded genetic algorithm (real-coded GA). In addition, the binary expression is not required in the real-coded GA. However, an appropriate crossover is required in the real-coded GA to get good solutions for each problem.

The purpose of this paper is to propose both a model of the evaluation of building’s resilience and recovery time and a new optimal viscous damper placement method for targeted resilience. The evaluation model has the following features: 1) Building components (structural frame, non-structural components and facilities) are categorized into some systems from the viewpoint of function: 2) The recovery time is considered as a function of damages to building components and human resources to repair the components: 3) It is applicable to structural design. The design method proposed in this paper uses a kind of real-coded GA. The proposed method can reflect the uncertainty of the process to recover from damaged states (or the pace to recover) in a non-stochastic manner. Therefore, this uncertainty can be reflected in the damper design. The effective use of the constraint on the sum of added damper damping coefficients enables an efficient search for the solution. It is shown finally that the minimization of the recovery time with the limited ability (manpower) to repair the building components and the minimization of the recovery time with the full (unlimited) ability to repair the components correspond to the minimization of the total damage of the components and the minimization of the maximum damage among the components, respectively.