This report presents the kiwari-systems in the architectural manual books that were written before the early part of the 17th century. Those old records were handed down to the recent years by the KOBAYASHIS who were inaugurated as the DAIKU-TORYO that was the post for the authorized carpenters in SHONAI-HAN. Their descriptions are about the architectural techniques to all kinds of architectures and the architectural formalities, so they are important to study Japanese Middle Ages architectures. Among those architectural techniques, this report presents especially the kiwari-systems of the residence.
