ハッサーニーヤ語詩の形式とその分類について

抄録

This article aims at presenting the outline of the form of the Ḥassaaniyya poetry (HP) and its classification. Ḥassaaniyya is the Arabic dialect which is used mainly in Mauritania, where people have developed a distinguished poetry named “laġna” by using their daily tongue. Faced with the lack of comprehensiveness and clearness in previous studies about the subject, the author intends to put in order various previous explanations and expand them through analyzing some sample poems, assisted by a Mauritanian prominent scholar in the HP, Dr. Muḥammad Wuld Ḥẓaana. The paper starts with explaining sounds of the Ḥassaaniyya and the basic terms to analyze the HP. Secondly, it presents the key concepts characterizing the HP; gaaf and ṭalaεa, a variety of the meters, gadaε and sarm, and others. Gaaf or ṭalaεa is decided by the number of the hemistiches and the position of the rhyme. The HP has a variety of meters, basically determined by the number of the syllables in one hemistich, which varies from 1 to 12. Further, the existence of the adjoining two consonants widens the variety of the forms of the poetry. Thirdly, it explains two cases of the mixture of two different types; the mixture of gaaf and ṭalaεa, and the mixture of different meters and/or gadaε and sarm. Fourthly, it presents a long poem and the special form for women. Lastly, it attempts to make a classification of various poems, with detailed description of each form defined by the key concepts. The paper is not but an introduction of the study of the HP, which presents the framework of its form. There remain a lot of aspects that are to be studied.