The present paper reviewed some of psychological studies published during the twentieth century. The paper was divided into two main parts ; change of framework and review of studies. In the section of change of framework, three basic theories were introduced; behaviorism, cognitive constructism, and socio-cultural constructism. It was emphasized that these changes were not all-or-nothing but progressive process. In the next section, typical investigations under each theory were reviewed. Drill practice and learning hierarchy were main topics in behaviorism. In cognitive constructism main three investigations such as solving process of word problem, developmental change on understanding fractions, and ratio concepts were reviewed. Experimental instructional interventions were also introduced which would be one of future research paradigm. In social-cultural constructism, studies on informal mathematics which children acquirred through everyday life were reviewed.
