Abstract
Hitherto, many students, BOAS, APPLETON, SHAPIRO, IMAMURA & his collaborators, SULUKI, etc., have reported on the physical characteristics of immigrants. And also, our studies in Hokkaido have extended over three years and already SUZUKI'S (1950) and SHIMA, TERAKADO'S (1951) researches have been reported. We collaborated with S. IZUMI, T. SOFUE and M. GAMO to investigate on the immigrated fishermen at Monbetsu village, Saru district in Hokkaido and we had charge of the investigation into the physical characteristics.
Anthropological measurements were taken on the fishermen at Tomikawa, Monbetsu and Atsuga sections of Monbetsu village in summer 1951. We have picked out 90 males and 74 females (20-55 years old) of the second and the third generations (now, 63.6% second and 23.6% third generations and all between 20-50 years old). And we have taken statistics on them separately in each section, for they consist of natives from several different provinces, namely Aomori, Niigata, Akita, Iwate, Ishikawa and Fukui, and each section seems to have different composition of population and geographically each section is comparatively distant from each other. According to the data on the fishermen of the three sections, inhabitants of their native provinces, immigrated farmers and the inhabitants of the farmers' native village (1951), (1) the fishermen have larger size than the farmers, (2) the immigrants have a larger means than the inhabitants of their native provinces in stature, girth of chest, weight and relative girth of chest and (3) the females have less difference than the males between the immigrants and the natives.
We have considered as to these differences as APPLETON, SHAPIRO, etc, mentioned, that the immigrants presumably had more progressive spirit and more stout physical characteristics than those who remained in their native provinces, that changes in the natural environments and living conditions such as nourishment, labour, etc, resulted in their physical characteristics. And on the differences between the fishermen and the farmers we inferr that it resulted from the differences of their origin, nourishment, labour and society (T. SOFUE has mentioned that he considered in Tonami group -the immigrated farmers- the collaps of the mode of living rather later than in their mother village today, and this may lead to an assumption that their group consits of people from only one district). Namely, in Hokkaido the creation of a new society under an unity by new natural environments, new composition of people, new living conditions, etc. may have caused new physical characteristics of the new inhabitants.
