ジャクソン・ポロックにおける書芸術 : ブラック・ペインティング成立に関する一考察

抄録

This paper considers the influence from Oriental Calligraphy in Jackson Pollock's (1912-1956) "black paintings". The Black paintings are the series of monochromes that Pollock produced from 1951 to 53. In these works, Pollock bled the ink on canvas. By these features, it has been considered that Pollock was influenced by Calligraphy. But Clement Greenberg, who is influential in the study of Pollock, eliminated the influence from Oriental art in Pollock's works. And his purpose is to present Pollock as a legitimate successor of European modernism. Therefore no one proved it clearly. However, in fact, there were many artists that were interested in Calligraphy around Pollock. Then, Pollock possessed some books about Oriental culture, and used tools of Calligraphy. Therefore Pollock was surely influenced by Calligraphy. Moreover, this Paper pointed out that Pollock often depicted letters. In the black paintings, Pollock also depicted the pictographic images that he had already painted before. The reason that Pollock was influenced by calligraphy may come from such concern about letters. Thus, adopting a style of Calligraphy, Pollock created a new way that could depict the past pictographic images in the black paintings.