Antioxidant Activity of Two Phloroglucinol Derivatives from Dryopteris crassirhizoma

Abstract

The rhizome of Dryopteris crassirhizoma NAKAI exhibited significant antioxidant activity, as assessed by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity in vitro. Two phloroglucinol derivatives, flavaspidic acids PB (1) and AB (2), were isolated from the rhizome of D. crassirhizoma by a bioassay-guided fractionation. ¹H-, ¹³C-NMR, and UV analysis were used to determine the structures. Furthermore, the two compounds were tested for their antioxidant activities, such as their DPPH radical scavenging, superoxide radical scavenging, and lipid peroxidation (LPO) inhibitory activities. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited potent antioxidant activity against the LPO inhibitory test with IC₅₀ values of 12.9 and 13.1 μM, respectively, compared with α-tocopherol (IC₅₀; 15.6 μM) and butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA, IC₅₀; 10.8 μM), while the two compounds had a moderated effect on the DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC₅₀; 71.7, 76.3 μM) as well as superoxide radical scavenging activity (IC₅₀; 58.6, 64.4 μM). The potent activity of the flavaspidic acids (1, 2) on inhibiting LPO might be due to possible stabilization as a result of chelating with iron.