小学生における柔道練習中の運動強度に関する研究

抄録

The exercise intensity in Judo practice was determined in six boys involved 4th to 6th grade in elementary school period. The change in heart rate of all subjects were measured by heart telemeter. For all subjects, the correlation between heart rate ( HR ) and oxygen intake ( VO₂ ), HR and relative oxygen intake ( %VO₂max ) was determined as they performed bicycle ergometer test. Then the exercise intensity was estimated by the regression equation.
The results obtained were as follows:
1) The significant linear relationships ( p < 0,01) were observed between HR and 1.702, HR and %VO₂max in all subjects. The mean HR corresponding with 50%and 70% VO₂max were 132 beats/min,158 beats/min, respectively.
2) The mean VO₂ max and maximal heart rate of the all subjects were 2,34 ± 0,31k /min,56,8 ± 3,82 mk /kg/min and 195 ± 5,74 beats/min, respectively.
3) Peak HR and %HRmax during Judo practice ranged: 148-165 beats/min (75-86%)in Ukemi; 136-167 beats/min (71-84%) in Uchikomi; 134-184 beats/min (70-96%)in Newaza; and 159-193 beats/min (83-96%) in Tachiwaza.
4) The mean HR and %HRmax during Judo practice were: 147 ± 7,38 beats/min (138-157) and 76 ± 3,68 %HRmax (72-82) in Ukemi; 143 ± 9,54 beats/min (128154) and 73 ± 3,24 %HRmax (67-76) in Uchikomi; 141 ± 15,43 beats/min (119-165)and 72 ± 6,70 %HRmax (62-86) in Newaza; and 171 ± 13,53 beats/min (145-183)and 87 ± 6,24 %HRmax (76-94) in Tachiwaza.
5) As expressed in terms of the mean %VO₂max, the intensity of Judo practice was 62 ± 4,41 %VO₂max (55-69%) in Ukemi; 58 ± 6,20%VO₂max (51-67%) in Uchikomi; 57 ± 9,40 %VO₂max (44-71%) in Newaza; and 80 ± 8,68 %VO₂max (64-91%) in Tachiwaza.
6) The individual difference during Judo practice was smallest in Ukemi and greatest in Newaza and/or Tachiwaza. The present study did not reveal any significant differences between good Judo-skill and poor Judo-skill group in individual difference. The factors of individual difference mainly seemed to be related to structure (body height and weight) and superior cardiorespiratory function.
7) It seems that the physiological intensity of over 170 beats/min in HR and 70%in VO₂ max is necessary to improve cardiorespiratory function in elementary school period. These conditions were satisfied with Tachiwaza. From above, it was found that there was tendency for Tachiwaza to have served to improve cardiorespiratory function.