柔道投げ技の特性に関するバィオメカニクス的分析―1995年,第19回世界柔道選手権大会における古賀稔彦選手の試合から―

抄録

Toshihiko Koga is an outstanding Judo player not only in Japan but also in the world. He was a gold medalist in the Barcelona Olympic Games and a champion of the World Judo Championships in 1989 and 1991 at the 71 kg weight class. At the “'95 World Judo Championships”, held at Makuhari, Chiba Pref., Japan, Koga entered into the 78 kg weight class that was one rank heavier weight class for Koga. He became a champion in this weight class. It is very interesting and important for those concerned with Judo to know why Koga is so strong and which points of his techniques in Nagewazaes are superior.
[Purposes of this Study]
The purposes of this study were
1) to analyze the Judo bouts of Koga, and
2) to clarify the superiority of his technique of Nagewazaes from the biomechanical viewpoint.
[Methods of this Study]
All bouts of the “'95 World Judo Championships” were televised by some TV station monopolistically, so it was prohibited for the scientists to operate movie cameras and video cameras at the Judo contest, even scientifically. Consequently, the televised bouts were recorded by using the home videocassette recorder and these video taped were recorded again by using a video timer. The necessary informations for analyzing the Nagewazaes of Koga was gained from the computer analysis by using these rerecorded video tapes.
[Results and Considerations]
Fig.1-(1),1-(2) and 1-(3) show the traces of Koga's movement in his bouts. They are shown that Koga went forward almost of his bouts. Fig.4,5 and 6 show the sequence motions of Koga's Oogoshi (in the third round), Sodetsurikomigoshi (in the semi final) and Ipponseoinage (in the final) and Fig.7,8 and 9 show the stick pictures of these sequence motions. Fig.10 shows the time duration of each phase from the first stage of Kake until the final stage of a determination of Ippon of these Nagewazaes. From these figures, several points of the superiority of his Nagewaza techniques were pointed out.
His reflection time and reaction time for doing Nagewaza were so quick and his pulling strength was so firm that his opponent could not move and escape from his Nagewaza. And it is supposed that he has the strong backmuscle groups and the strong leg muscles. He has a good stability in his throwing posture (Ashi no Kamae and Koshi no Tsukuri) and a good spring function at the moment of Haneage (leaping),22 due to a good knee movement in his performance of Oogoshi, Sodetsurikornigoshi and Ipponseoinage.