Effects of Pesticides on Pupae of Trichogramma dendrolimi Matsumura (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), an Egg Parasitoid of the Tea Tortrix

Abstract

We examined the toxicity of 19 insecticides, 7 acaricides, and 7 fungicides as dips for the pupae of Trichogramma dendrolimi, which parasitizes the eggs of Homona magnanima. Most insect growth regulating (IGR) insecticides, acaricides, and fungicides were harmless to pupae of T. dendrolimi. Some of the pesticides such as neonicotinoids, acephate, emamectin benxoate, chlorfenapyr, and milbemectin that were harmful to adults of T. dendrolimi were harmless to pupae because the pupae were protected by the H. magnanima eggshells. However, profenofos, chlorpyrifos, and spinosad were harmful and their mortality of treated pupae were 90.6%, 73.3%, and 97.1%, respectively.