日本におけるプロテスタント・キリスト教会の立地過程 : 明治期・関東地方を中心として

抄録

The purpoes of this paper is to make clear locational processes of protestant churches in Japan. In order to clarify these processes, the author firstly analysed locational processes at prefectural level. Secondly, he investigated locational processes at city level in the Kanto District during Meiji period and especially examined whether hierarchical effect and neighbourhood effect observed on these processes or not. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1) In the early Meiji period, at first the protestant churches were located settlemets of foreigners. In late Meiji period, protestant churches diffused in most of major cities in Japan. After that, the establishment of protestant churches tended to concetrate in larger cities. 2) The hierarchical effect of urban centers was observed on locational processes of protestant churches in the Kanto District during Meiji period. That is, the location of protestant churches tended to begin with the higher order centres and then with the lower order. In the Kanto District, it makes a difference on locatinal processes between the western and eastern part. That is, protestant churches were located earlier in West than in East Kanto District. It seems to reflect that West Kanto District was a silk producing area and traded in silk with merchants in Tokyo and Yokohama. 3) In Gunma prefecture, where protestant churches located earlier than the other prefectures in Kanto district except Tokyo and Kanagawa, hierarchical effect and neighborhood effect were observed on locational processes of protestant churches.