Indonesian Medicinal Plants. XXI. Inhibitors of Na⁺/H⁺ Exchanger from the Bark of Erythrina variegata and the Roots of Maclura cochinchinensis

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Through bioassay-guided separation of the methanol extracts of Indonesian medicinal plants, three inhibitors of the Na⁺/H⁺ exchange system, erythrinin B (2), euchrenone b₁₀ (3), and 1, 3, 5-trihydroxy-4-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)xanthen-9-one (4), were isolated from the bark of Erythrina variegata (Fabaceae)(for 2) and the roots of Maclura cochinchinensis (Moraceae)(for 2, 3, 4). Compounds 2, 3, and 4 significantly inhibited the Na⁺/H⁺ exchanges system of arterial smooth muscle cells, with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 1.25, 1.25, and 10μg/ml, respectively. Three new prenylated xanthones named isocudraniaxanthones B (5) and A (7) and isoalvaxanthone (9) were also isolated from M. cochinchinensis and the chemical structures were elucidated on the bases of their chemical and physicochemical properties.