2010 年 75 巻 3 号 p. 305-311
Eight macromutants (albina, xantha, chloroxantha, bushy, thick leaf, dwarf, early flowering and synchronous flowering) were induced in Poshita and Jawahar 22 (recommended varieties) of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal; (Family: Solanaceae) at M2 following EMS treatments (0.25, 0.50, 1.00% for 2 h and 4 h durations) to dry seeds. Albina and Xantha in both varieties and chloroxantha in Poshita were non-viable. Viable mutation frequency was recorded to be 0.00% to 3.00% in Poshita and 0.00% to 2.31% in Jawahar 22; however, estimated mutation frequency over M2 population was 2.54%. Meiosis was nearly normal in mutants as control (2n=48), except chloroxantha of Jawahar 22 (22.58II+2.84I/cell at MI, 57.0% cells with 24/24 separation at AI, 39.27% pollen fertility; control: 23.69II+0.62I/cell at MI, 90.0% cells with 24/24 AI separation, 71.05% pollen fertility). The mutant trait(s) were monogenic recessive to normal. Analysis of morphological parameters (root and shoot attributes including seed yield), secondary metabolites (total alkaloid and withanolides; withaferin A and withanolide A by HPLC) and fibre content of the roots (withaferin A was analyzed also from leaf) of M3 plants revealed that bushy and thick leaf were noteworthy mutants.