New Drug Discovery based on the molecular modification: Molecular modification of insulin and GLP-1 and its function

Abstract

Insulin degludec provided the basal insulin replacement therapy of a once daily treatment. The combination drug of insulin degludec/insulin aspart provided replacement therapy for both one prandial insulin and daily basal insulin by a single injection. Insulin detemir provided the basal insulin replacement therapy with lower intarasuject variation in fasting blood glucose and lower risk of nocturnal hypoglycaemia compared to NPH insulin. Liraglutide provided a new and favorable pharamacotherapy for type 2 diabetes based on the pharmacological action of GLP―1, glucose-dependent insulin secretion. Furthermore, the clinical development of semaglutide having pharmocokinetic profile suitable for once-weekly treatment was completed and it is expected to be approved for the effecive treatment of type 2 diabetes with reduced stress.