A Case of Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) with Disseminated Molluscum Contagiosum Infection…Spontaneous Regression after Non-tuberculous Mycobacterial Pneumonia

Abstract

We present the case of a patient diagnosed with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) with multiple molluscum contagiosum. Her cutaneous symptoms rapidly disappeared after she developed a non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection. Patients with ATLL are immunodeficient due to lowering of both cellular and innate immunity. In this case, we believe that the immunodeficiency supported multiple molluscum contagiosum. When the mycobacterial infection occurred, the Th1/2 balance switched to Th1 and cellular immunity was activated, along with the innate immunity. The patient's immunity thus improved and the refractory molluscum contagiosum disappeared.