Comparision of Road Pricing of Optimum and Descriptive Approaches Considering Local Emissions of Road Transportation Network

抄録

Road pricing from an economic point of view has largely been motivated by the time costs that each road user imposes on other road users imposes on other road users, since the classical discussion of external costs by Pigou. In this paper, a model is proposed considering local traffic emissions and illustrated with hypothetical network. Davidson time-flow function and vehicle speed emission factor relationship is considered. Optimum road pricings of both optimum and descriptive approaches are compared. The optimum approach can be applied to most of the situations when speeds are below 70 kmph on selected locations. At speeds above 70 kmph, there may be considerable difference between both the approaches and may be used appropriately. The accuracy of the emission factor curves has influence on actual tolls.