教育社会学研究
Online ISSN : 2185-0186
Print ISSN : 0387-3145
ISSN-L : 0387-3145
放送教育研究の動向と問題点
布留 武郎
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ジャーナル フリー

1964 年 19 巻 p. 150-162,en223

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School broadcast in Japan stands on the experiences of twenty nine years in radio and of eleven years in television. Overhalf of primary schools, one-third of junior-high-schools use radio, and three-quarters of the former, a quarter of the latter use regularly television for their educational purpose.
More than sixty empirical studies on school broad cast including field and laboratory works have been published during the past five years in Japan. The leading research have been done by the NHK Radio-TV Research Institute and by the members of the Japan Radio-TV Education Society. These research can be conventionally classified into two groups; field and experimenal studies.
One of the mean projects in the field works was the study dealing with various problems underling TV viewing and educational effects in isolated village schools. A long-term joint research plan was made by the members of Japan Radio-TV Education Society. It was planned corresponding with the financial aid program by the government (1960-62) and NHK (1962-65) which made possible the schools in the remote area to have TV sets. The chief research findings were;
1. The mean of TV utilization ratio of the remoted schools, in spite of the handicaps of mechanical conditions (mainly due to the weak electronic wave) and the disadvantages of “small” school system, was higher than the mean obtained from the nation-wide school sample.
2. Notable learning effects, which were caused seemingly by the utilization of TV programs for one year, were found in such subject matters as natural science and social studies. These effects could be understood that TV programs remedied the shortage of teaching materials in the “small” schools.
Another effect was found that the intellgence test score rised. A quasi-experimental design was applied drawing these results. Another one of the projects was designed to analyse the teachers' attitude toward radio-TV instruction. It became clear that a half of the teachers feel trouble, to certain degrees, in building curriculum where adopting radio and TV programs. However, almost all of the teachers had the favorite attitude toward the school broadcast. The data was collected by interviewing the sample of teachers drawn from the nation-wide schools.

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