学校統合と農山村・子ども

「過疎化」段階と「新」通達をめぐって

抄録

A school district means. the basic administrative unit within which local schools are controlled, as well as the attendance district. In the U. S., because of their peculiar natureof public service, school districts are generally treated as quasicorporations, and in some cases, they are determined by the courts and established as municipal corporations. Thisnature of school district is not the same among the States.
In Japan, school districts are municipalized, and thus, after municipal reorganizations (“Cho-son Gappei”), many elementary and secondary schools are combined. for the new community development. The reorganization of school districts has been promoted in the underpopulated areas for the last ten years. But the Ministry of Education noticed in September, 1973, that the reorganization of school districts is not promoted any longer.
In conclusion, the followingassumptionsare suggested.
(1) By municipal reorganizations, municipal areas become unsuited to living areas.
(2) Movements against the reorganization of school districts are based upon locality, public interests and community egoism.
(3) The school district system in Japan should be compared with the U. S. system.
(4) Community should be developed on the basis of the school district system.