Highly-sensitive Biosensors with Chemically-amplified Responses

抄録

This article describes the development of biosensors with chemically-amplified responses. In general, chemical amplification involves a reaction sequence for a substance to generate a relatively large amount of product. Thus a trace concentration of analyte can be caused to yield orders of magnitude higher product concentrations which may be more easily measured than the analyte itself. For biosensor systems to detect biochemical reactions on the transducer surfaces, chemical amplification procedures suitable for concentrating the reaction product on the transducer/test solution interface should be utilized to enhance the sensor response effectively. The amplification procedures, such as enzymatic cycling at the enzyme-modified electrode and the preconcentration of the biochemical reaction product on the electrode surface, are particularly useful for realizing highly-sensitive biosensors. The combination of such amplification techniques with immunoassay protocols has provided simple measuring systems for trace amounts of peptide hormones, such as A- and B-type natriuretic peptides and insulin. These simple and highly-sensitive immunoassay systems are suitable for the purpose of the point-of-care testing.