東北地方太平洋沖地震時における岩手県内の漁船避難の実態と課題

抄録

　Marine product industries in the Tohoku area ware heavily damaged by Tohoku Pacific Ocean off Earthquake. More than 90% of fishing boats （13,271） were washed away or broken in the Iwate Prefecture. 　　And many fisheries facilities such as aquaculture facilities and fish markets, etc. were destroyed in the Iwate prefecture. 　　After the earthquake occurred or the tsunami warning were announced, some fishermen evacuated to offshore and some of them died. In case of Tsunami attack in the future, fishermen may surely evacuate to offshore with their fishing boats at the risk of their lives. 　　Authors performed questionnaire survey targeting the fishermen, who evacuated to offshore with their fishing boats in 2011, among 24 fisheries co-operatives. According to the result of the survey, 22 fisheries co-operatives acknowledged the need of rules for evacuation to offshore. Authors analyzed the results of the questionnaire and tried to clarify problems for establishing the evacuation rule. Authors performed more detailed questionnaire and interviews with fishermen of the Taro-chou fisheries cooperative. The results were as follows. 　　Many fishermen have will of evacuating to offshore, but they don't have enough knowledge such as the tsunami arrival time, the safe depth and area against tsunami current. There is an urgent need to establish a fishing boat refuge rule suited to the characteristic of fishery and fishing boats in Iwate prefecture. Also, it is a serious problem to provide tsunami emergency information promptly to fishing boats in operation.