Characteristics of Lipid Components and Triacylglycerol Molecular Species of Jack Bean (Canavalia gladiata DC.)

Abstract

Lipids extracted from two cultivars of Jack bean (Canavalia gladiata DC.) were classified by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) into nine subfractions. The major lipid components were triacylglycerols (TAG: 43.8 − 45.7%) and phospholipids (PL: 46.7 − 47.0%). Other lipids were present at a concentration of 0.3 − 2.7%. The molecular species and FA distributions of TAG, isolated from the total lipids in the beans, were analyzed by a combination of AgNO₃-TLC and gas chromatography (GC). Eighteen TAG molecular species were detected in the beans. The dominant TAG species were M₃ (32.5 − 33.0%), followed by S₂M (5.4 − 5.5%), SM₂ (7.6 − 7.7%), S₂D (9.0 − 9.1%), SMD (5.3 − 5.4%), S₂T (6.3 − 6.4%), M₂D (5.3 − 5.6%), MD₂ (6.5 − 6.7%), SDT (5.2 − 5.3%) and M₂T (3.8 − 3.9%), where S, M, D, and T denote saturated FA, monoene, diene, and triene, respectively. The results show that the lipid classes, FA distributions and TAG molecular species of Jack bean are not dependent on the cultivar.