景観・場所・物語

現象学的景観研究に向けての試論

抄録

Landscape can be considered as place in terms of phenomenological geography. In this paper, the author examines the concept of landscape with reference to that of place, and proposes a con-cept of “story” in order to prepare a framework for the study of landscape change synchronous with our consciousness change. The results are as follows:
1) Landscape is the life-world on which our belief in objective reality is founded, and is a repository of meaning. Therefore, the concept of landscape coincides with that of place as a space with value and meaning.
2) Place is not only an object of intentionality but also a process of intentionality. According to Nishida Kitaro's (1926) theory of place, place is the field of consciousness, which means that place is also the process of recognition. We call this aspect of place a “meaning matrix”, the implicit knowledge required for understanding meaning, such as a standard for judgment or a view of value.
3) It is “story” that represents the meaning of landscape. A story is a discourse on objects-a legend, an article, or a picture and indicates the trend of history. The subject and landscape are changing together, influencing each other in parallel with a “story” (see Fig. 4).
4) The task ahead for landscape study is to understand the self-understanding of a social group by analyzing its “story”, and to clarify the structure of the meaning matrix.