2020 Volume 2020 Issue 86 Pages 32-43
The purpose of this study was to clarify the age at which 13 types of jump movement tasks were accomplished by 3-5 years old and the order of their acquisition. Further, the study aimed to obtain materials for utilization in the learning of jump movements by young children and for use in teaching, through a comparison of findings related to the learning situations of young children in this study and those in previous studies.
Thirteen types of jump movement tasks and their evaluation and aspects for observation were created, and observation and evaluation were conducted by a total of five persons including three elementary school teachers and two graduate students specializing in health and physical education.
The concordance rate of the responses among the observers of the 13 types of jump movement tasks was 83.6-98.5％, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.616-0.918.
The age of accomplishment of the jump movement tasks was clarified from the observers' observation scores. It was assumed that jumps off a stand, jumps onto a stand, continuous rebound jumps, vertical jumps, and standing long jumps would already be accomplished before the age of three. Tasks accomplished at the age of three included jump the rubber band, Kenken jumps or jumps hopping on one foot, and continuous jump overs with both legs. Tasks accomplished at the age of four included bunny-hopping, gallops, and skips. It was indicated that Kenpa jumps and jumping over a vaulting horse were not yet accomplished by the age of five.
The age of accomplishment of jump movement tasks of young children and the acquisition order in this study were almost the same compared with children in previous studies. Further, in order to enhance the proficiency of the jumps, it was considered important to intentionally and systematically include various jumping type of exercise movements and traditional play such as Kenken jumps, skips, and Kempa jumps.
