2020 Volume 71 Issue 1 Pages 75-78
Post-varicella angiopathy （PVA） is the leading cause of pediatric arterial ischemic cerebral infarction. However, PVA is considered to be underdiagnosed because of the lack of both sensitive diagnostic procedures and criteria. We, herein, report a case of PVA-associated arterial ischemic stroke diagnosed by MRA. A previously healthy 5-year-old Japanese boy was admitted to our hospital with right facial nerve palsy and right hemiparesis, a transient symptom of ischemic stroke, one month after recovery from chickenpox. The neurological symptoms recovered completely by conservative therapy. In addition to clinical history, cerebral artery stenosis detected by magnetic resonance angiography（ MRA） in the recovery phase enabled us to diagnose him with PVA-induced stroke despite no detection of varicella-zoster virus DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid. Thus, MRA findings in the convalescent period are useful in the clinical diagnosis of pediatric PVA-induced stroke.
