外モンゴルにおける1924年夏の政変について

抄録

The political turmoil in Outer Mongolia in the summer of 1924-the purge of S. DANZAN-is undoubtedly one of the most important events in the modern history of Mongolia. This paper analyzes the critical outcome to illuminate its repercussions on the political landscape of Outer Mongolia during this period. The political struggle between A. G. STARKOV and E. RINCHINO started in 1923, after the closing of the Second Congress of the Mongolian People's Party (MPP). With the support of the Comintern's line, A. G. STARKOV promoted a policy that aimed to expel the Mongolian aristocracy (noyans) and lamas from both the Mongolian People's Government (MPG) and the MPP. However, RINCHINO proposed to extend limited cooperation to noyans and lamas as the best possible choice for Outer Mongolia in those days. This led to the year-long confrontation between A. G. STARKOV and S. DANZAN, on the one side, and RINCHINO. In the summer of 1924, RINCHINO ousted A. G. STARKOV and S. DANZAN from the political arena when the Congress of the MPP and the Mongolian Revolutionary Youth League were in session. The direct cause of the turmoil in the summer of 1924 lies in the political antagonism between two influential politicians, RINCHINO and A. G. STARKOV. Close examination unveils the fact that the USSR and the Comintern tried to push forward with a policy to drive noyans and lamas out of the MPP and the MPG, a policy eventually rejected by both.