The effect of weir, dam, slotted dam and their combinations on the molten steel flow dynamics in a tundish was investigated in a physical model by studying the flow pattern and residence time distribution. The number, position and size of the above flow modifiers, Froude number, tundish width and inlet-exit distance were varied during the course of the study. For all tundish widths, weirs of all sizes were found to produce short circuiting in the tundish fluid flow system. Whereas use of a dam alone or in combination with a weir or a slotted dam eliminates short circuited flow completely. The residence time and variance are found to be influenced by the tundish width, inlet-exit distance and FM configurations. Empirical correlations were obtained to calculate residence time and variance.
